大明宣德炉：古代铜器的魅力与传奇

宣德炉，是由明宣宗朱瞻基在大明宣德三年参与设计监造的铜香炉，简称“宣炉”。宣德炉它是中国历史上第一次运用风磨铜铸成的铜器。为了制作出精品的铜炉，在朱瞻基的亲自督促下，整个制作过程，包括炼铜、造型必须自《宣和博古图》《考古图》等典籍及内府密藏的数百件宋元名窑中，精选出符合适用对象、款制大雅的形制，将之绘成图样，再呈给其亲览，并说明图款的来源和典故的出处，经过筛选确定后，再铸成实物样品让其过目，满意后方准开铸。

Xuande furnace is a copper censer designed and supervised by Zhu Zhanji, Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty, in the third year of Xuande of Ming Dynasty. Xuande furnace is the first copper ware in Chinese history.In order to make a high-quality copper furnace, under Zhu Zhanji's personal supervision, the whole production process, including copper smelting and modeling, must be selected from the classics such as Xuanhe bogutou, archaeological map and hundreds of famous kilns of song and Yuan Dynasty, which are closely stored in the inner government, and the shapes that meet the applicable objects and styles are elegant, drawn into patterns, and then presented to their relatives, and explained the source of the drawings and the source of the allusions, After selection and determination, the casting can be started only after the samples are cast to see through and are satisfied.

明朝300年间，制作了不可胜数的器物，可称上乘之作。宣德炉作为其中的一种，可谓前无所师法，后无能为继，不愧为天地间一精美绝伦的古董，是我国古代工匠智慧和艺术的结晶。

During the 300 years of the Ming Dynasty, countless artifacts were made, which can be called excellent works. Xuande stove, as one of them, can be described as a perfect antique between heaven and earth. It is the crystallization of the wisdom and art of ancient craftsmen in China.

此炉口沿圆润，双耳高耸，轮廓丰厚，耳孔半圆。炉身较为矮扁，尚具明代铜炉的特点。腹宽而不肥，底部平滑，开框刻“大明宣德年制”六字楷书款，字体朴拙。当为炉铸就后，再行冷刻，以刀代笔，凿剔并用，细部再行通体栗色深沉，黄铜略青，细腻密实，持之坠手，叩之悦耳，余音悠长，甚是沁心，应为精炼中加深色重金属所致。故吾之以为当时期妙器也。三足略高，肥美有趣。整器朗润挺拔，清雅高洁，十分夺目。皮色枣红，了无它色，一派素风。通体细润有泽，光影游移，有朝晖夕照之美好体验。此炉铜质上好，沉重坠手，且稍盘即亮，妙趣可赏。叩之声脆，余音幽长，为书斋清供、手中珍玩。

The mouth of the furnace is round, with high ears, rich outline and semicircle ears. The furnace body is relatively short and flat, which still has the characteristics of copper furnace in Ming Dynasty. The belly is wide but not fat, and the bottom is smooth. The six character regular script of "the system of Xuande of Ming Dynasty" is carved on the open frame. The font is simple and unsophisticated. When it is cast for the furnace, then it is cold engraved, with knife instead of pen, chiseled and used, and then the details are chestnut deep. The brass is slightly green, delicate and dense, holding the falling hand, and the percussion is pleasant, with a long aftertone, which is very refreshing. It should be caused by the addition of dark heavy metals in refining. So I thought it was a wonderful tool at that time. The tripod is slightly high, fat and interesting. The whole instrument is long and straight, elegant and clean, very eye-catching. The skin color is jujube red, but there is no other color. The whole body is fine and moist, with light and shadow moving, and the beautiful experience of morning and sunset. The copper of this furnace is of good quality. It is heavy and easy to fall. It is bright if you dish it a little. It's interesting and enjoyable. The sound of percussion is crisp and the aftersound is long. It is a treasure in the hands of the library.